Percepción subjetiva del esfuerzo y lactacidemia. Estudio en jóvenes universitarios.
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Introducción: El lactato y la percepción subjetiva del esfuerzo (PSE) son marcadores habituales de la carga interna; sin embargo, su convergencia en esfuerzos anaeróbicos máximos y en población universitaria latinoamericana es limitada. Objetivo: Evaluar la asociación entre percepción subjetiva del esfuerzo (PSE) y lactacidemia post-ejercicio en jóvenes sanos. Métodos: Estudio observacional, prospectivo, transversal y analítico en 211 participantes (18-53 años) que completaron un test de salto continuo de 60 s (CJ60). Se midió lactato capilar previo y a los 5 min post-esfuerzo; la PSE se registró al finalizar. Se aplicaron correlaciones de Spearman y regresión lineal múltiple para Δ lactato, con número de saltos, sexo, edad, lactato basal y PSE como predictores. Resultados: Δ lactato no se asoció con la PSE (ρ=0,07; p=0,298), pero sí con el número de saltos (ρ=0,57; p<0,001). Los hombres mostraron mayor Δ lactato que las mujeres (10,0±2,63 vs. 7,36±3,04 mmol/L). Fueron predictores independientes el número de saltos (β=0,107; p<0,001) y el sexo masculino (β=1,52; p<0,001), mientras que edad, lactato basal y PSE no fueron significativos. Conclusiones: Durante un esfuerzo máximo breve la PSE parece saturarse y no refleja la carga metabólica; su uso aislado podría subestimar diferencias individuales. Se recomienda complementar la monitorización subjetiva con mediciones objetivas (p. ej., lactato).
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Referencias
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