Melatonina, leptina, resistencia a la insulina e ingesta dietética durante la rotación laboral de trabajadores por turnos Melatonin, leptin, insulin resistance and dietary intake during shift workers’ rotation

Contenido principal del artículo

Nelly Peñaranda
Luz Helena Aránzalez
Ismena Mockus

Resumen

Objetivo: determinar cambios y correlaciones de niveles salivales de melatonina,
ingesta de alimentos, concentraciones séricas de leptina, insulina, glucosa e índice
de resistencia a insulina después de siete noches de trabajo nocturno. Se han registrado
mayores riesgos de padecer obesidad y diabetes en los trabajadores por
turnos, así como, variaciones en las concentraciones de melatonina. Materiales
y métodos: estudio exploratorio de tipo descriptivo comparativo; participaron diez
hombres, vigilantes de seguridad quienes laboraban turnos diurnos de 6 a.m. a 3
p.m. y nocturnos de 10 p.m. a 6 a.m. Se determinaron variables antropométricas.
Durante el último turno diurno y al finalizar el último turno nocturno se estimó la ingesta
de alimentos y para medir los diferentes biomarcadores se tomaron muestras
de sangre y saliva a las 7 a.m., y a continuación los sujetos recolectaron muestras de
saliva a la 1 p.m., 9 p.m. y 2 a.m. Resultados: después de siete noches de trabajo,
los niveles de melatonina a la 1 pm, glucemia y leptina fueron mayores, asimismo,
el consumo de calorías totales aumentó a expensas de proteínas y carbohidratos.
La correlación negativa entre melatonina e insulinorresistencia no fue estadísticamente
significativa. Conclusiones: se confirmaron efectos del turno nocturno sobre
los niveles de melatonina al día siguiente de culminada la rotación laboral. Durante
el turno nocturno, los trabajadores consumieron más calorías y presentaron mayor glucemia, situaciones que incrementan la susceptibilidad a desarrollar obesidad y
diabetes. Asimismo, la leptina sérica aumentó, lo que puede acrecentar el riesgo de
padecer síndrome metabólico.

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.displayStats.downloads##

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.displayStats.noStats##

Detalles del artículo

Sección
Artículos de Investigación
Biografía del autor/a

Nelly Peñaranda, Universidad Nacional de Colombia

Magister en fisiología. División de Lípidos y Diabetes, Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Bogotá- Colombia. 

Luz Helena Aránzalez, Universidad Nacional de Colombia.

Magister en Bioquímica-Profesora asociada División de Lípidos y Diabetes, Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Bogotá

Ismena Mockus, Universidad Nacional de Colombia

Especialista en endocrinología - Profesora titular. División de Lípidos y Diabetes, Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia.

Referencias

Rosa RR, Colligan MJ. Plain Language About

Shiftwork. Cincinnati: National Institute for Occupational

Safety and Health; 1997.

Thirion A, Billeta I, Cabrita J, Vargas O, Vermeylen

G, Wilczyńska A, et al. Sixth European Working

Conditions Survey – Overview report. Luxembourg:

Publications Office of the European Union

Eurofound; 2016.

Nieto O, Palacio G, Ortiz AM, Aldana HR, Villalobos

AP. Primera Encuesta Nacional de Condiciones

de Salud y Trabajo en el Sistema General de

Riesgos Profesionales. Bogotá: Ministerio de la

protección social Colombia; 2007.

Sun M, Feng W, Wang F, Li P, Li Z, Li M, et al.

Meta-analysis on shift work and risks of specific

obesity types. Obes Rev. 2018; 19(1):28–40.

DOI: 10.1111/obr.12621

Li W, Chen Z, Ruan W, Yi G, Wang D, Lu Z.

A meta-analysis of cohort studies including

dose-response relationship between shift work

and the risk of diabetes mellitus. Eur J Epidemiol.

; 34(11):1013–1024.

DOI: 10.1007/s10654-019-00561-y

Song G, Yoon KA, Chi HY, Roh J, Kim JH. Decreased

concentration of serum melatonin in

nighttime compared with daytime female medical

technologists in South Korea. Chronobiol Int.

; 33:1305–1310.

DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2016.1199562

Gómez-Acebo I, Dierssen-Sotos T, Papantoniou

K, García-Unzueta MT, Santos-Benito MF, Llorca

J. Association between exposure to rotating

night shift versus day shift using levels of

-sulfatoxymelatonin and cortisol and other

sex hormones in women. Chronobiol Int. 2015;

:128–135. DOI: 10.3109/07420528.2014.958494

Qian J, Morris CJ, Phillips AJ, Czeisler CA, Scheer

FA. 0063 Unexpected increase in melatonin

concentrarion during daytime sleep in simulated

night work protocol. Sleep. 2017; 40 (Suppl.

:A24–A24. DOI: 10.1093/sleepj/zsx050.062

Borugian MJ, Gallagher RP, Friesen MC, Switzer TF,

Aronson KJ. Twenty-four-hour light exposure and

melatonin levels among shift workers. J Occup

Environ Med. 2005; 47(12):1268–1275.

DOI: 10.1097/01.jom.0000184855.87223.77

Daugaard S, Garde AH, Ellekilde-Bonde JP, Christoffersen

J, Hansen ÄM, Markvart J et al. Night work,

light exposure and melatonin on work days and

days off. Chronobiol Int. 2017; 34(7):942–955.

DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2017.1327867

Pickel L, Sung HK. Feeding Rhythms and the

Circadian Regulation of Metabolism. Front Nut.

; 7:1-20. DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.00039.

DOI 10.3389/fnut.2020.00039

Cardinali DP, Pévet P. Basic aspects of melatonin

action. Sleep Med Rev. 1998; 2(3):175–190.

DOI: 10.1016/S1087-0792(98)90020-X

Macchi MM, Bruce JN. Human pineal physiology

and functional significance of melatonin. Front

Neuroendocrinol. 2004; 25(3-4):177–195.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yfrne.2004.08.001

Rzepka-Migut B, Paprocka J. Melatonin measurement

methods and the factor modifying the

results. A systematic review of literature. Int J

Environ Res Public Healt. 2020; 17(6):1916.

DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17061916

Szewczyk-Golec K, Woźniak A, Reiter RJ. Inter-relationships

of the chronobiotic, melatonin, with

leptin and adiponectin:implications for obesity.

J Pineal Res. 2015; 59(3):277–291.

DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12257

Claustrat B, Leston J. Melatonin:Physiological

effects in humans. Neurochirurgie. 2015; 61(2):77–

DOI: 10.1016/j.neuchi.2015.03.002

Pfeffer M, Korf HW, Wicht H. Synchronizing effects

of melatonin on diurnal and circadian rhythms.

Gen Comp Endocrinol. 2018; 258:215–221.

DOI 10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.05.013

Vriend J, Reiter RJ. Melatonin feedback on clock

genes:a theory involving the proteasome. J

Pineal Res. 2015; 58(1):1–11.

DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12189

Nogueira TC, Lellis-Santos C, Jesus DS, Taneda

M, Rodrigues SC, Amaral FG, et al. Absence of

melatonin induces night-time hepatic insulin

resistance and increased gluconeogenesis due

to stimulation of nocturnal unfolded protein response.

Endocrinology. 2011; 152(4):1253–1263.

DOI: 10.1210/en.2010-1088

Buonfiglio D, Parthimos R, Dantas R, Cerqueira-Silva

R, Gomes G, Andrade-Silva J, et al. Melatonin

Absence Leads to Long-Term Leptin Resistance

and Overweight in Rats. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne).

; 9:122-123.

DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00122

Söylemez S, Banu A, Sivri Ç, Polat B, Çakır B, Makalesi

A. Melatonin, leptin, and ghrelin levels in

nurses working night shifts. J Surg Med. 2019;

(1):22-26. DOI: 10.28982/josam.443902

Guo Y, Liu Y, Huang X, Rong Y, He M, Wang Y, et

al. The Effects of Shift Work on Sleeping Quality,

Hypertension and Diabetes in Retired Workers.

PLoS One. 2013; 8(8):1-6.

DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0071107

Asare-Anane H, Abdul-Latif A, Ofori EK, Abdul-Rahman

M, Amanquah SD. Shift work and the risk of

cardiovascular disease among workers in cocoa

processing company, Tema. BMC Res Notes.

; 8:1-6. DOI: 10.1186/s13104-015-1750-3

Nakamura M, Miura A, Nagahata T, Toki A, Shibata

Y, Okada E, et al. Dietary intake and dinner timing

among shift workers in Japan. J Occup Health.

; 60:467-474. DOI: 10.1539/joh.2018-0070-OA

Hulsegge G, Boer JM, van der Beek AJ, Verschuren

WM, Sluijs I, Vermeulen R, et al. Shift workers have

a similar diet quality but higher energy intake

than day workers. Scand J Work Environ Health.

; 42(6):459–468. DOI: 10.5271/sjweh.3593

Morikawa Y, Miura K, Sasaki S, Yoshita K, Yoneyama

S, Sakurai M, et al. Evaluation of the effects of

shift work on nutrient intake: a cross-sectional

study. J Occup Health. 2008; 50(3):270–278.

DOI: 10.1539/joh.L7116

Sharma S, Singh H, Ahmad N, Mishra P, Tiwari

A. The role of melatonin in diabetes:therapeutic

implications. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2015;

(5):391–399. DOI 10.1590/2359-3997000000098

Karamitri A, Jockers R. Melatonin in type 2 diabetes

mellitus and obesity. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2019;

(2):105–125. DOI: 10.1038/s41574-018-0130-1

Prokopenko I, Langenberg C, Florez JC, Saxena

R, Soranzo N, Thorleifsson G, et al. Variants in

MTNR1B influence fasting glucose levels. Nat

Genet. 2009; 41:77–81. DOI 10.1038/ng.290

Taheri S, Lin L, Austin D, Young T, Mignot E. Short

sleep duration is associated with reduced leptin,

elevated ghrelin, and increased body mass

index. PLoS Med. 2004; 1(3):210-217.

DOI:10.1371/journal.pmed.0010062

Yun JE, Kimm H, Jo J, Jee SH. Serum leptin is

associated with metabolic syndrome in obese

and nonobese Korean populations. Metabolism.

; 59(3):424–429.

DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2009.08.012

Esteghamati A, Noshad S, Khalilzadeh O, Morteza

A, Nazeri A, Meysamie A, et al. Contribution of

Serum Leptin to Metabolic Syndrome in Obese

and Nonobese Subjects. Arch Med Res, 2011;

(3):244–251.

DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2011.05.005

Gijón-Conde T, Graciani A, Guallar-Castillón P, Aguilera

MT, Rodríguez-Artalejo F, Banegas JR. Leptin

Reference Values and Cutoffs for Identifying Cardiometabolic

Abnormalities in the Spanish Population.

Rev Española Cardiol (English Ed). 2015;

(8):672–679. DOI: 10.1016/j.rec.2014.08.015

García-Fuentes E, Garrido-Sánchez L, Tinahones FJ.

Homeostatic Model Assessment (HOMA). Aplicaciones

prácticas. Av Diabetol. 2008; 24(4):291-295.

de Ridder JH. Normas Internacionales para la

Valoración Antropométrica. Johannesburgo: Sociedad

Internacional para el Avance de la Cineantropometría

ISAK; 2005.

Espinosa-Cuevas MA, Rivas-Rodríguez L, González-

Medina EC, Altano-Carsi X, Alatriste P, Correa-Rotter

R. Vectores de impedancia bioeléctrica para la

composición corporal en población mexicana.

Rev Investig clínica. 2007; 59(1):15–24.

Eckel RH, Depner CM, Perreault L, Markwald RR,

Smith MR, McHill AW, et al. Morning Circadian Misalignment

during Short Sleep Duration Impacts

Insulin Sensitivity. Curr Biol. 2015; 25(22):3004–

DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2015.10.011

Cajochen C, Khalsa SBS, Wyatt JK, Czeisler CA,

Dijk DJ. EEG and ocular correlates of circadian

melatonin phase and human performance decrements

during sleep loss. Am J Physiol - Regul

Integr Comp Physiol. 1999;277(3):R640-R649.

DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.1999.277.3.r640

Bhatti P, Mirick DK, Davis S. The impact of chronotype

on melatonin levels among shift workers.

Occup Environ Med. 2014; 71(3):195–200.

DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2013-101730

Leung M, Tranmer J, Hung E, Korsiak J, Day AG, Aronson

KJ. Shift Work, chronotype, and melatonin

patterns among female hospital employees on

day and night shifts. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers

Prev. 2016; 25(5):830–838.

DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-15-1178

Davis S, Mirick DK, Chen C, Stanczyk FZ. Night

shift work and hormone levels in women. Cancer

Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2012; 21(4):609–618.

DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-11-1128

Hansen AM, Garde AH, Hansen J. Diurnal urinary

-sulfatoxymelatonin levels among healthy

Danish nurses during work and leisure time.

Chronobiol Int. 2006; 23(6):1203–1215.

DOI: 10.1080/07420520601100955

Morris CJ, Purvis TE, Mistretta J, Scheer FA. Effects

of the Internal Circadian System and Circadian

Misalignment on Glucose Tolerance in Chronic

Shift Workers. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2016;

(4):1066–1074. DOI: 10.1210/jc.2015-3924

Perelis M, Marcheva B, Moynihan RK, Schipma

MJ, Hutchison AL, Taguchi A, et al. Pancreatic β

cell enhancers regulate rhythmic transcription

of genes controlling insulin secretion. Science.

; 350(6261):1-11.

DOI: 10.1126/science.aac4250

Qian J, Block GD, Colwell CS, Matveyenko AV. Consequences

of Exposure to Light at Night on the

Pancreatic Islet Circadian Clock and Function in

Rats. Diabetes. 2013; 62(10):3469–3478.

DOI: 10.2337/db12-1543

Sookoian S, Gemma C, Fernández-Gianotti T, Burgueño

A, Alvarez A, González CD, et al. Effects of

rotating shift work on biomarkers of metabolic

syndrome and inflammation. J Intern Med. 2007;

(3):285–292.

DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2796.2007.01766.x

Ledda C, Cinà D, Matera S, Mucci N, Bracci M,

Rapisarda V. High HOMA-IR index in healthcare

shift workers. Med. 2019;55(5):1-9.

DOI: 10.3390/medicina55050186

Qian J, Morris CJ, Caputo R, Garaulet M, Scheer

FA et al. Ghrelin is impacted by the endogenous

circadian system and by circadian misalignment

in humans. Int J Obes. 2019; 43(8):1644–1649.

DOI: 10.1038/s41366-018-0208-9

Cedernaes J, Brandell J, Ros O, Broman JE, Hogenkamp

PS, Schiöth HB, et al. Increased impulsivity

in response to food cues after sleep loss in

healthy young men. Obesity. 2014; 22(8):1786–

DOI: 10.1002/oby.20786

Benedict C, Hallschmid M, Lassen A, Mahnke C,

Schultes B, Schiöth HB et al. Acute sleep deprivation

reduces energy expenditure in healthy

men. Am J Clin Nutr. 2011; 93(6):1229-1236.

DOI:10.3945/ajcn.110.006460

McHill AW, Melanson EL, Higgins J, Moehlman TM,

Stothard ER, Wright KP, et al. Impact of circadian

misalignment on energy metabolism during simulated

nightshift work. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2014;

(48):17302–17307.

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1412021111

Crispim CA, Waterhouse J, Dâmaso AR, Zimberg IZ,

Padilha HG, Oyama LM, et al. Hormonal appetite

control is altered by shift work:a preliminary

study. Metabolism. 2011; 60(12):1726–1735.

DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2011.04.014

Kolaczynski JW, Considine RV, Ohannesian J, Marco

C, Opentanova I, Nyce MR, et al. Responses of

leptin to short-term fasting and refeeding in

humans:A link with ketogenesis but not ketones

themselves. Diabetes. 1996; 45(11):1511–1515.

DOI: 10.2337/diab.45.11.1511

Fogteloo AJ, Pijl H, Roelfsema F, Frölich M, Meinders

AE . Impact of meal timing and frequency on the

twenty-four-hour leptin rhythm. Horm Res. 2004;

(2):71–78. DOI: 10.1159/000079326

Lyoussi B, Ragala MA, Mguil M, Chraibi A, Israili ZH.

Gender-specific leptinemia and its relationship

with some components of the metabolic syndrome

in Moroccans. Clin Exp Hypertens. 2005;

(4):377–394.

Chu NF, Wang DJ, Shieh SM, Rimm EB. Plasma

leptin concentrations and obesity in relation

to insulin resistance syndrome components

among school children in Taiwan--The Taipei

Children Heart Study. Int J Obes Relat Metab

Disord. 2000; 24:1265–1271.

DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0801404

García-Jiménez S, Bernal-Fernández G, Martínez-

Salazar MF, Monroy-Noyola A, Toledano-Jaimes C,

Meneses A, et al. Serum Leptin is Associated With

Metabolic Syndrome in Obese Mexican Subjects.

J Clin Lab Anal. 2015; 29(1):5–9.

DOI: 10.1002/jcla.21718

Wannamethee SG, Tchernova J, Whincup P, Lowe

GD, Kelly A, Rumley A, et al. Plasma leptin:Associations

with metabolic, inflammatory and haemostatic

risk factors for cardiovascular disease.

Atherosclerosis. 2007; 191(2):418–426.

DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2006.04.012

Gündüz B. Daily rhythm in serum melatonin and

leptin levels in the Syrian hamster (Mesocricetus

auratus). Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol.

; 132(2):393–401.

DOI: 10.1016/S1095-6433(02)00041-7

Kus I, Sarsilmaz M, Colakoglu N, Kukne A, Ozen

OA, Yilmaz B, et al. Pinealectomy increases

and exogenous melatonin decreases leptin

production in rat anterior pituitary cells:an immunohistochemical

study. Physiol Res. 2004;

(4):403–408.

Peliciari-Garcia RA, Andrade-Silva J, Cipolla-Neto

J, de Oliveira-Carvalho CR. Leptin modulates

norepinephrine-mediated melatonin synthesis in

cultured rat pineal gland. Biomed Res Int. 2013;

:1-8. DOI: 10.1155/2013/546516

Bartness TJ, Demas GE, Song CK. Seasonal

changes in adiposity:the roles of the photoperiod,

melatonin and other hormones, and sympathetic

nervous system. Exp Biol Med (Maywood).

; 227(6):363–376.

DOI: 10.1177/153537020222700601

Amstrup AK, Sikjaer T, Pedersen SB, Heickendorff

L, Mosekilde L, Rejnmark L. Reduced fat mass

and increased lean mass in response to 1 year

of melatonin treatment in postmenopausal women:

A randomized placebo-controlled trial. Clin

Endocrinol (Oxf). 2016; 84(3):342–347.

DOI: 10.1111/cen.12942

Szewczyk-Golec K, Rajewski P, Gackowski M, Mila-

Kierzenkowska C, Wesołowski R, Sutkowy P, et

al. Melatonin Supplementation Lowers Oxidative

Stress and Regulates Adipokines in Obese Patients

on a Calorie-Restricted Diet. Oxid Med Cell

Longev. 2017; 2017(3):1–10.

DOI: 10.1155/2017/8494107

Pereira-de Souza CA, Congentino-Gallo C, Scodelerde

Camargo L, Vargas- Vargas-Versignassi , Carvhalo

P, Fernandes I, et al. Melatonin Multiple Effects

on Brown Adipose Tissue Molecular Machinery.

J Pineal Res. 2018; 66(2):1-33.

DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12549

Tan DX, Manchester LC, Fuentes-Broto L, Paredes

SD, Reiter RJ. Significance and application of

melatonin in the regulation of brown adipose

tissue metabolism:relation to human obesity.

Obes Rev. 2011; 12(3):167–188.

DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2010.00756.x

Obayashi K, Saeki K, Maegawa T, Iwamoto J, Sakai

T, Otaki N et al. Melatonin Secretion and Muscle

Strength in Elderly Individuals:A Cross-Sectional

Study of the HEIJO-KYO Cohort. Journals Gerontol

Ser A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2016; 71(9):1235-1240.

DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glw030

Coto-Montes A, Boga JA, Tan DX, Reiter R et al.

Melatonin as a Potential Agent in the Treatment

of Sarcopenia. Int J Mol Sci. 2016; 17(10):1-15.

DOI: 10.3390/ijms17101771

Luchetti F, Canonico B, Bartolini D, Arcangeletti M,

Ciffolilli S, Murdolo G et al. Melatonin regulates

mesenchymal stem cell differentiation:a review.

J Pineal Res. 2014; 56(4):382–397.

DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12133

Cardinali DP, Jordá JJ, Sánchez EJ, Capizo R, Cos

S, Fernandez R, Lopez R et al. Introducción a la

cronobiología:fisiología de los ritmos biológicos.

Cantabria: Editorial Universidad de Cantabría. 1994.

Bravo R, Matito S, Cubero J, Paredes SD, Franco

L, Rivero M, et al. Tryptophan-enriched cereal

intake improves nocturnal sleep, melatonin,

serotonin, and total antioxidant capacity levels

and mood in elderly humans. Age (Dordr), 2013;

(4):1277–1285.

DOI: 10.1007/s11357-012-9419-5

Fukushige H, Fukuda Y, Tanaka M, Inami K, Wada

K, Tsumura Y et al. Effects of tryptophan-rich

breakfast and light exposure during the daytime

on melatonin secretion at night. J Physiol Anthropol.

; 33(1):1-9.

DOI: 10.1186/1880-6805-33-33