Melatonina, leptina, resistencia a la insulina e ingesta dietética durante la rotación laboral de trabajadores por turnos
Melatonin, leptin, insulin resistance and dietary intake during shift workers’ rotation
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Peñaranda, N. ., Aránzalez, L. H. ., & Mockus, I. . (2021). Melatonina, leptina, resistencia a la insulina e ingesta dietética durante la rotación laboral de trabajadores por turnos: Melatonin, leptin, insulin resistance and dietary intake during shift workers’ rotation. Archivos De Medicina , 21(2). https://doi.org/10.30554/archmed.21.2.4135.2021
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Peñaranda, N. ., Aránzalez, L. H. ., & Mockus, I. . (2021). Melatonina, leptina, resistencia a la insulina e ingesta dietética durante la rotación laboral de trabajadores por turnos: Melatonin, leptin, insulin resistance and dietary intake during shift workers’ rotation. Archivos De Medicina , 21(2). https://doi.org/10.30554/archmed.21.2.4135.2021
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Objetivo: determinar cambios y correlaciones de niveles salivales de melatonina,
ingesta de alimentos, concentraciones séricas de leptina, insulina, glucosa e índice
de resistencia a insulina después de siete noches de trabajo nocturno. Se han registrado
mayores riesgos de padecer obesidad y diabetes en los trabajadores por
turnos, así como, variaciones en las concentraciones de melatonina. Materiales
y métodos: estudio exploratorio de tipo descriptivo comparativo; participaron diez
hombres, vigilantes de seguridad quienes laboraban turnos diurnos de 6 a.m. a 3
p.m. y nocturnos de 10 p.m. a 6 a.m. Se determinaron variables antropométricas.
Durante el último turno diurno y al finalizar el último turno nocturno se estimó la ingesta
de alimentos y para medir los diferentes biomarcadores se tomaron muestras
de sangre y saliva a las 7 a.m., y a continuación los sujetos recolectaron muestras de
saliva a la 1 p.m., 9 p.m. y 2 a.m. Resultados: después de siete noches de trabajo,
los niveles de melatonina a la 1 pm, glucemia y leptina fueron mayores, asimismo,
el consumo de calorías totales aumentó a expensas de proteínas y carbohidratos.
La correlación negativa entre melatonina e insulinorresistencia no fue estadísticamente
significativa. Conclusiones: se confirmaron efectos del turno nocturno sobre
los niveles de melatonina al día siguiente de culminada la rotación laboral. Durante
el turno nocturno, los trabajadores consumieron más calorías y presentaron mayor glucemia, situaciones que incrementan la susceptibilidad a desarrollar obesidad y
diabetes. Asimismo, la leptina sérica aumentó, lo que puede acrecentar el riesgo de
padecer síndrome metabólico.
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