Perspectiva integral de la persona con vejiga neurogénica como base para el cuidado de enfermería: Revisión integrativa

Publicado 2025-09-25


https://doi.org/10.30554/archmed.26.1.5299.2026
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v. 26 n. 1 (2026): Revista Archivos de Medicina (Manizales)
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Hernández Bernal, N. E. (2025). Perspectiva integral de la persona con vejiga neurogénica como base para el cuidado de enfermería: Revisión integrativa. Archivos De Medicina , 26(1). https://doi.org/10.30554/archmed.26.1.5299.2026
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https://doi.org/10.30554/archmed.26.1.5299.2026
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Hernández Bernal, N. E. (2025). Perspectiva integral de la persona con vejiga neurogénica como base para el cuidado de enfermería: Revisión integrativa. Archivos De Medicina , 26(1). https://doi.org/10.30554/archmed.26.1.5299.2026

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Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Nubia Esperanza Hernández Bernal
Universidad Pedagógica Y Tecnológica de Colombia
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Introducción: La vejiga neurogénica hace referencia a la disfunción de origen neurológico del tracto urinario inferior (NLUTD), es de etiología múltiple; principalmente ocasionada por lesiones medulares, tumores o enfermedades neurodegenerativas. Esta disfunción se manifiesta de varias maneras dependiendo de la localización de la lesión, presentando sintomatología diversa. Objetivo: Generar una revisión documental, que desde la evidencia científica aporte en el fortalecimiento y consolidación de un criterio enfermero argumentado para la toma de decisiones e intervenciones de cuidado directo de la persona con lesiones neurológicas que conllevan a la NLUTD. Método: Se realizó una revisión integrativa de la literatura entre septiembre 2023 y mayo 2024, siguiendo la propuesta de Whittemore y Knalf desarrollada en seis etapas. Las bases de datos bibliográficas consultadas fueron: Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, Scielo, Science Direct. El proceso de selección siguió los pasos sugeridos por PRISMA 2020. El análisis se realizó mediante la lectura a profundidad   y los datos extraídos se compararon, clasificaron y agruparon para facilitar el proceso de análisis y síntesis permitiendo consolidar la información en siete temas centrales. Resultados: El personal de enfermería debe reconocer la fisiopatología, el diagnóstico clínico y urodinámico, las alternativas de tratamiento, complicaciones y el criterio enfermero argumentado en teorías de enfermería, para la toma de decisiones frente al cuidado de personas con vejiga neurogénica. Conclusiones: Es fundamental el análisis individualizado del paciente con vejiga neurogénica basado en todo su conocimiento fisiopatológico, la buena interpretación urodinámica, las opciones terapéuticas, las recomendaciones apoyadas por la evidencia y la incorporación de modelos teóricos enfermeros que guíen el cuidado de la persona que cursa con esta condición de salud para mejorar los resultados clínicos a corto, mediano y largo plazo. 

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