Renal function, cadmium and lead urinary levels in children of the municipality of Naguanagua (estado Carabobo, Venezuela), exposed to environmental tobacco smoke

Función renal, niveles urinarios de cadmio y plomo en niños del municipio de Naguanagua (estado Carabobo, Venezuela), expuestos a humo de tabaco ambiental

Published 2018-11-19


https://doi.org/10.30554/archmed.18.2.2769.2018
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Vol. 18 No. 2
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Artículos de Investigación
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Palencia, A. ., Romero, G. ., Figueredo, . A., Barrades, . O. ., Álvarez, Y. ., Acosta, H. ., & González, M. . (2018). Renal function, cadmium and lead urinary levels in children of the municipality of Naguanagua (estado Carabobo, Venezuela), exposed to environmental tobacco smoke. Archivos De Medicina , 18(2), 255-269. https://doi.org/10.30554/archmed.18.2.2769.2018
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https://doi.org/10.30554/archmed.18.2.2769.2018
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Palencia, A. ., Romero, G. ., Figueredo, . A., Barrades, . O. ., Álvarez, Y. ., Acosta, H. ., & González, M. . (2018). Renal function, cadmium and lead urinary levels in children of the municipality of Naguanagua (estado Carabobo, Venezuela), exposed to environmental tobacco smoke. Archivos De Medicina , 18(2), 255-269. https://doi.org/10.30554/archmed.18.2.2769.2018

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Aura Palencia
Universidad de Carabobo, Venezuela.
Gabriela Romero
Universidad de Carabobo
Angélica Figueredo
Universidad de Carabobo, Venezuela.
Omaris Barrades
Yoliammy Álvarez
Universidad de Carabobo, Venezuela.
Helen Acosta
Universidad de Carabobo, Venezuela.
María González
Universidad de Carabobo, Venezuela. 
Show authors biography

Aura Palencia,

Magister Scientiarium en Toxicología Analítica. Unidad de Investigación en Toxicología Molecular. Departamento de Investigación y Desarrollo Profesional. Escuela de Bioanálisis, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Carabobo, Venezuela.

Gabriela Romero,

Magister Scientiarium en Toxicología Analítica. Unidad de Investigación en Toxicología Molecular. Departamento
de Ciencias Básicas. Escuela de Bioanálisis, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Carabobo

Angélica Figueredo,

Licenciada en Bioanálisis. Maestría en Toxicología Analítica, Área de Postgrado, Facultad de Ciencias de la
Salud. Universidad de Carabobo, Venezuela.

Omaris Barrades

Licenciada en Bioanálisis. Universidad de Carabobo, Venezuela.

Yoliammy Álvarez,

Licenciada en Bioanálisis. Universidad de Carabobo, Venezuela.

Helen Acosta,

Licenciada en Bioanálisis. Universidad de Carabobo, Venezuela.

María González,

Licenciada en Bioanálisis. Universidad de Carabobo, Venezuela. 

Objective: metals presents at the gaseous and particulate phases of environmental tobacco smoke are considered nephrotoxic. In this research, urinary levels of cadmium, lead and renal function were evaluated in children exposed to environmental tobacco smoke in a community of the Naguanagua municipality (Carabobo, Venezuela). Materials and methods: The sample consisted of 43 children (21 exposed and 22 not exposed), whom were determined urinary indices in spot urine: cadmium/creatinine, lead/creatinine, albumin/creatinine, calcium/creatinine, alkaline phosphatase/creatinine y β-2-microglobulin/creatinine. Results: in the exposed group there is a positive and significant correlation between β-2-microglobulin/creatinine and albumin/creatinine regardless gender and age. Absolute values of the nephrotoxic markers correlated positive and significantly with their indices, which indicates that correction with creatinine is useful, the exception of alkaline phosphatase, that better reflects its diagnostic utility in absolute values. lead/creatinine, β-2-microglobulin and calcium/creatinine showed statistically significant differences when stratifying the sample according to age. Urinary excretion of Cadmium, both exposed and control group exceeds certain cut points described in international researchs. Conclusions: renal toxicity evaluations should count on the monitoring of several markers, because some will be more sensitive to early changes due to chronic exposures.

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