Malaria, tropical disease of multiple diagnostic methods
Malaria, enfermedad tropical de múltiples métodos diagnósticos
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Malaria is a disease caused by the parasite of the genus Plasmodium, which is transmitted by the bite of the female Anopheles mosquito. Between 2000 and 2015, 212 million cases have been reported worldwide. In Colombia, malaria is considered a public health problem, it is estimated that at least 70% of the territory has the necessary ecological conditions for the transmission of the parasite. To avoid the increase of the number of malaria cases, three pillars of prevention are used: avoiding exposure and performing vector control, chemoprophylaxis and timely diagnosis. After this, the treatment should be provided. The objectives of the treatment are: clinical cure of the patient, radical cure of infection and control of transmission. To diagnosis, there are different methods, which are evaluated and differentiated according to sensitivity and specificity; Based on this, the Gold Standard is defined as the Benchmark test. Nowadays, the Gold Standard for the diagnosis of malaria is a microscopic method call thick gout. However, there are other methods such as: peripheral blood smear, molecular methods and serological methods.
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