Epidemiological Characterization of Patients with Neonatal Sepsis in a Hospital of Cali city (Colombia), 2014

Caracterización epidemiológica de pacientes con Sepsis Neonatal en un hospital de la ciudad de Cali (Colombia), 2014

Objective. Neonatal infection is an important cause of mortality of newborns in Colombia. The objective of this study was to establish the epidemiological characteristics of patients with neonatal sepsis reported in a hospital in Cali. Materials and methods. we conducted a analytical, cross-sectional study from 215 clinical medical charts of patients diagnosed with neonatal sepsis during 2014. Risk factors and their association with the development of sepsis type were established using the chi-square test and Odds Ratio (OR) with the IBM, SPSS statistical package Vs 22.0. Results. 67.9% of the patients were diagnosed with early-onset neonatal sepsis and 32.1% with late-onset sepsis. Low-birth-weigh and preterm infants were found in 12.1% and 15.8%, respectively. Premature rupture of membrane was the most prevalent maternal antecedent (25.1%) with 2,970 times more likely to develop early sepsis in 83.3% of cases. CRP was positive in 80.5% of cases, and in 69,9% of infants with early sepsis. Conclusion. Premature rupture of membrane was the factor determined for the development of early sepsis. CRP was positive mainly in neonates with early-onset neonatal sepsis, confirming its usefulness as a positive predictor. Prenatal control and monitoring of pregnant mothers to prevent infection or bacterial colonization are needed to reduce disease.