Cafeína y comportamiento animal. Análisis sobre condiciones experimentales
Caffeine and animal behavior. Analysis of experimental conditions
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- Mary Orrego Cardozo, Oscar Eugenio Tamayo Alzate, Bases moleculares de la memoria y su relación con el aprendizaje , Archivos de Medicina (Manizales): Vol. 16 Núm. 2
Objetivo: Realizar una revisión teórica relacionada con el efecto de la cafeína en el comportamiento animal en estudios que incluyen tareas de aprendizaje, memoria y/o actividad motora, con el fin de analizar algunas condiciones experimentales. Materiales y métodos: Búsqueda de artículos publicados entre los años 1995 a 2018 en las bases de datos Pubmed y Scopus por medio de la relación de palabras clave: cafeína, café, ratas, ratones, atención, memoria y aprendizaje. Se revisaron las tareas de aprendizaje y/o actividad motora, el tipo y género de cepas, así como el tratamiento con cafeína. También se incluyeron artículos de revisión de años anteriores al rango de tiempo, con el fin de ampliar el estado del arte de la cafeína y sus efectos. Resultados: Mientras algunos estudios indican que la cafeína ejerce un efecto positivo sobre actividades motoras y cognitivas, otros estudios concluyen lo contrario. La variación en las condiciones experimentales de los estudios analizados puede incidir en los resultados obtenidos. Conclusión: El amplio rango de condiciones experimentales en una misma tarea de memoria no permite que se delimite el espectro de variables en los protocolos de investigación con cafeína, por ello no se logra identificar variables biológicamente importantes que, al ser identificadas, pueden convergen hacia un conjunto de procedimientos estandarizados en paradigmas específicos de aprendizaje.
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