Non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding:An approach to prognosis

Hemorragia de vías digestivas altas no-varicosa: un acercamiento a pronóstico – Revisión de la literatura Pronóstico en Hemorragia digestiva alta

Published 2023-09-04


https://doi.org/10.30554/archmed.23.1.4444.2023
Open | Download
PDF (Spanish) FLIP HTML (Spanish) XML (Spanish)
Issue
Vol. 23 No. 1 (2023): .
Section
Artículos de Revisión
How to Cite
Frias Ordoñez, J. S., Arjona Granados, D. A., & Martínez-Marín, J. D. (2023). Non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding:An approach to prognosis: Pronóstico en Hemorragia digestiva alta. Archivos De Medicina , 23(1). https://doi.org/10.30554/archmed.23.1.4444.2023
Download Citation
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX
DOI

https://doi.org/10.30554/archmed.23.1.4444.2023
Dimensions
PlumX

How to Cite

Frias Ordoñez, J. S., Arjona Granados, D. A., & Martínez-Marín, J. D. (2023). Non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding:An approach to prognosis: Pronóstico en Hemorragia digestiva alta. Archivos De Medicina , 23(1). https://doi.org/10.30554/archmed.23.1.4444.2023

Download Citation

license
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Juan Sebastian Frias Ordoñez
Departamento de Medicina Interna. Hospital Universitario de La Samaritana E.S.E. Bogotá D.C. Colombia
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2735-2922 ORCID
Dayana Andrea Arjona Granados
Unidad de Gastroenterología y Endoscopia digestiva. Hospital Universitario de La Samaritana E.S.E. Bogotá D.C. Colombia
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6966-7725 ORCID
Julián David Martínez-Marín
Departamento de Medicina interna. Hospital Universitario de La Samaritana E.S.E. Bogotá D.C. Colombia
Show authors biography

Gastrointestinal bleeding is a medical emergency and is the most common cause of hospitalizations associated with other diseases worldwide. It represents an entity with a considerable mortality rate, and is associated with significant morbidity, 30-day mortality, and costs for health systems. Non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding has been related to preventable risk factors, mainly alcohol consumption, Helicobacter pylori infection, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, among others. The diagnosis is confirmed by endoscopy, which also serves to provide therapeutic intervention. This entity presents complications mainly represented by rebleeding and death. The Rockall score is the most widely used prognostic scale to assess the risk of complications from non-varicose upper airway bleeding. This scale has been evaluated worldwide in different contexts. Through the following article, it is proposed to review the state of the art focused on forecasting for this particular entity.

Article visits 2036 | PDF visits 1181

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.
  1. Lanas A, Dumonceau J, Hunt RH, Fujishiro M, Scheiman JM, Gralnek IM, et al. Non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Nat Publ Gr. 2018;4:1–21.
  2. Sanders DS, Carter MJ, Goodchap RJ, Cross SS, Gleeson DC, Lobo AJ. Prospective validation of the rockall risk scoring system for upper GI hemorrhage in subgroups of patients with varices and peptic ulcers. Am J Gastroenterol. 2002;97(3):630–5.
  3. Higham J, Kang JY, Majeed A. Recent trends in admissions and mortality due to peptic ulcer in England: Increasing frequency of haemorrhage among older subjects. Gut. 2002;50(4):460–4.
  4. Lanas A, García-Rodríguez LA, Polo-Tomás M, Ponce M, Alonso-Abreu I, Perez-Aisa MA, et al. Time trends and impact of upper and lower gastrointestinal bleeding and perforation in clinical practice. Am J Gastroenterol. 2009;104(7):1633–41.
  5. Siau K, Chapman W, Sharma N, Tripathi D, Iqbal T, Bhala N. Management of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding: An update for the general physician. J R Coll Physicians Edinb. 2017;47(3):218–30.
  6. Bardou M, Benhaberou-Brun D, Le Ray I, Barkun AN. Diagnosis and management of nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol [Internet]. 2012;9(2):97–104. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrgastro.2011.260
  7. Gralnek IM, Dumonceau JM, Kuipers EJ, Lanas A, Sanders DS, Kurien M, et al. Diagnosis and management of nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Guideline. Endoscopy. 2015;47(10):a1–46.
  8. Jairath V, Barkun AN. Improving outcomes from acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Gut. 2012;61(9):1246–9.
  9. Enns RA, Gagnon YM, Barkun AN, Armstrong D, Gregor JC, Fedorak RN, et al. Validation of the Rockall scoring system for outcomes from non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding in a Canadian setting. World J Gastroenterol. 2006;12(48):7779–85.
  10. Tony SM Phang, Vadim Vornik RS. Risk assessment in upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage: implications for resource utilisation. N Z Med J. 2000;113(1115):331–2.
  11. Saeed ZA, Ramirez FC, Hepps KS, Cole RA, Graham DY. Prospective validation of the Baylor bleeding score for predicting the likelihood of rebleeding after endoscopic hemostasis of peptic ulcers. Gastrointest Endosc. 1995;41(6):561–5.
  12. Naut ER. The Approach to Occult Gastrointestinal Bleed. Med Clin North Am. 2016;100(5):1047–56.
  13. Lee JG, Turnipseed S, Romano PS, Vigil H, Azari R, Melnikoff N, et al. Endoscopy-based triage significantly reduces hospitalization rates and costs of treating upper GI bleeding: A randomized controlled trial. Gastrointest Endosc. 1999;50(6):755–61.
  14. Albeldawi M, Qadeer MA, Vargo JJ. Managing acute upper GI bleeding, preventing recurrences. Cleve Clin J Med. 2010;77(2):131–42.
  15. Morales Uribe CH, Sierra Sierra S, Hernández Hernández AM, Arango Durango AF, Lopez GA. Hemorragia digestiva alta: Factores de riesgo para mortalidad en dos centros urbanos de América Latina. Rev Esp Enfermedades Dig. 2011;103(1):20–4.
  16. Roberts-Thomson IC, Teo E. The changing face of non-variceal, upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2007;22(1):1–3.
  17. Monteiro S. Upper gastrointestinal bleeding risk scores: Who, when and why? World J Gastrointest Pathophysiol. 2016;7(1):86.
  18. Gómez MA, Pineda LF, Ibáñez M, Otero Regino W, Arbeláez M V. Escala UNAL de predicción para identificar pacientes con hemorragia digestiva alta que necesitan endoscopia urgente. Rev colomb gastroenterol. 2006;21(4):244–58.
  19. Hearnshaw SA, Logan RFA, Lowe D, Travis SPL, Murphy MF, Palmer KR. Use of endoscopy for management of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding in the UK: Results of a nationwide audit. Gut. 2010;59(8):1022–9.
  20. Hreinsson JP, Kalaitzakis E, Gudmundsson S, Björnsson ES. Upper gastrointestinal bleeding: Incidence, etiology and outcomes in a population-based setting. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2013;48(4):439–47.
  21. Adolfo V, Sierra M, Navarro JO, Elías J, Higgins S, Gómez C. Hemorragia digestiva. 2007;5–12.
  22. Melgar LM, Botello MV, Melgar C SD. Causas más frecuentes de Hemorragia en Tubo Digestivo Alto de origen no variceal en paciente mayor de 50 años en Colombia. Rev Navara Medica. 2018;4(2):14–21.
  23. Sierra F, Botero RC, Mendoza de Molano B, Argüello A, Hernández B, Guzmán Digestivo J. Escleroterapia en sangrado digestivo alto por úlcera péptica. Estudio comparativo en la Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá. Acta Med Colomb. 1995;20:222–7.
  24. O P. Guía práctica clínica. Hemorragia digestiva aguda. Rev Científica Salud Uninorte,. 2006;22(2):195–206.
  25. Otero Regino W, Gómez Zuleta M, Ruiz Lobo X. Etiología de las úlceras duodenales en una población Colombiana. Rev Colomb Gastroenterol. 2009;24(3):266–71.
  26. Lilly CM, Aljawadi M, Badawi O, Onukwugha E, Tom SE, Magder LS, et al. Comparative Effectiveness of Proton Pump Inhibitors vs Histamine Type 2 Receptor Blockers for Preventing Clinically Important Gastrointestinal Bleeding During Intensive Care: A Population-Based Study. Chest. 2018;154(3):557–66.
  27. Hernández-Díaz S, Rodríguez LAG. Association Between Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs and Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Bleeding/Perforation. Arch Intern Med. 2000;160(14):2093.
  28. Derry S. Risk of gastrointestinal haemorrhage with long term use of aspirin: meta-analysis. Bmj. 2000;321(7270):1183–7.
  29. Rivera D, Martinez JD, Tovar JR, Garzon MA, Hormaza N, Lizarazo JI, Marulanda JC, Molano JC RM. Caracterización de los pacientes con hemorragia de vías digestivas altas no varicosa en un hospital de tercer nivel de Cundinamarca, Colombia. Rev Colomb Gastroenterol. 2013;28(4):278–85.
  30. Jensen DM. Ulcer: Prediction and prevention of peptic ulcer rebleeding. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol [Internet]. 2012;9(1):7–8. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrgastro.2011.243
  31. Barkun AN, Bardou M, Kuipers EJ, Sung J, Hunt RH, Martel M, et al. International consensus recommendations on the management of patients with nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Ann Intern Med. 2010;152(2):101–13.
  32. Church NI, Dallal HJ, Masson J, Mowat NAG, Johnston DA, Radin E, et al. Validity of the Rockall scoring system after endoscopic therapy for bleeding peptic ulcer: A prospective cohort study. Gastrointest Endosc. 2006;63(4):606–12.
  33. Derogar M, Sandblom G, Lundell L, Orsini N, Bottai M, Lu Y, et al. Discontinuation of Low-Dose Aspirin Therapy After Peptic Ulcer Bleeding Increases Risk of Death and Acute Cardiovascular Events. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2013;11(1):38–42.
  34. Rockall TA, Logan RFA, Devlin HB, Northfield TC. Risk assessment after acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage. Gut. 1996;38(3):316–21.
  35. Wang CY, Qin J, Wang J, Sun CY, Cao T, Zhu DD. Rockall score in predicting outcomes of elderly patients with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding. World J Gastroenterol. 2013;19(22):3466–72.
  36. Stanley AJ. Update on risk scoring systems for patients with upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage. World J Gastroenterol. 2012;18(22):2739–44.
  37. Hay JA, Lyubashevsky E, Elashoff J, Maldonado L, Weingarten SR EG. Upper gastrointestinal Hemorrhage Clinical Guideline - Determining the optimal hospital length of stay. Am J Med. 1996;100(March):313–22.
  38. Provenzale D, Sandler RS, Wood DR, Levinson SL, Frakes JT, Sartor RB, et al. Development of a scoring system to predict mortality from upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Am J Med Sci [Internet]. 1987;294(1):26–32. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000441-198707000-00004
  39. Espinoza Ríos J, Huerta-Mercado Tenorio J, Huerta-Mercado Tenorio J, Lindo Ricce M, García Encinas C, Rios Matteucci S, et al. Prospective validation of the Rockall Scoring System in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding in Cayetano Heredia Hospital Lima- Peru. Rev Gastroenterol Peru. 2009;29(2):111–7.
  40. Mildred C, Palomino A, Mora S, Valladares D, Blanco M. Utilidad del índice de Rockall en pacientes con episodios de hemorragia digestiva alta no variceal Utility of Rockall index in patients with upper non-variceal gastrointestinal bleeding episodes. Rev Cuba Med Fam. 2014;43(2):176–84.

Information

Keywords

QR code

Sistema OJS 3.4.0.10 - Metabiblioteca |