EL Impacto de la neurociencia en la enseñanza y el aprendizaje. Evidencia de una revisión sistemática.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30554/p.e.2.5150.2025Palabras clave:
Plasticidad cerebral, neurociencia educativa, rendimiento académico, neuromitos, tecnologías educativasResumen
Este artículo, basado en una revisión sistemática de la literatura es un artículo de reflexión que aborda la aplicación de la neurociencia en la educación. La revisión se realizó entre fuentes académicas publicadas en diferentes países, durante el año 2024. En las últimas décadas, la neuroeducación ha emergido como una disciplina clave para mejorar la enseñanza y el aprendizaje mediante una comprensión profunda del cerebro humano. Uno de los conceptos fundamentales es la plasticidad cerebral, que refleja la capacidad del cerebro para reorganizarse en respuesta a nuevas experiencias, lo que subraya la importancia de proporcionar entornos de aprendi- zaje ricos y variados que fortalezcan las conexiones neuronales y mejoren las capacidades cognitivas de los estudiantes. Se destacan varias técnicas pedagógicas basadas en la neurociencia educativa, como el aprendizaje basado en proyectos y el aprendizaje activo, que han demostrado ser eficaces para mejorar la retención de información y la motivación intrínseca. Además, se discute la ne- cesidad de corregir los neuromitos comunes en el ámbito educativo y la relevancia de la educación emocional para crear ambientes de aprendizaje más efectivos. El estudio enfatiza la necesidad de formación continua para los docentes en neurociencia educativa y la adopción de tecnologías educativas, como neurorobots y EEG, para apoyar el desarrollo de métodos de enseñanza personalizados y adaptativos que mejoren el rendimiento académico y el bienestar
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