Aplicações da neurociência no ensino de física. Uma revisão sistemática.
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Este artigo, baseado em uma revisão sistemática da literatura, é um artigo de reflexão que aborda a aplicação da neurociência na educação. A revisão foi realizada com base em fontes acadêmicas publicadas em diferentes países, durante o ano de 2024. Nas últimas décadas, a neuroeducação emergiu como uma disciplina chave para melhorar o ensino e a aprendizagem por meio de uma compreensão profunda do cérebro humano. Um dos conceitos fundamentais é a plasticidade cerebral, que reflete a capacidade do cérebro de se reorganizar em resposta a novas experiências, destacando a importância de proporcionar ambientes de aprendizagem ricos e variados que fortaleçam as conexões neurais e melhorem as capacidades cognitivas dos estudantes. Diversas técnicas pedagógicas basea- das na neurociência educacional, como a aprendizagem baseada em projetos e a aprendizagem ativa, mostraram-se eficazes para melhorar a retenção de informações e a motivação intrínseca. Além disso, discute-se a necessidade de corrigir os neuromitos comuns no campo educacional e a importância da educação emocional para criar ambientes de aprendizagem mais eficazes. O estudo enfatiza a necessidade de formação contínua dos professores em neurociência educacional e a adoção de tecnologias educacionais, como neuro- rrobôs e EEG, para apoiar o desenvolvimento de métodos de ensino personalizados e adaptativos que melhorem o desempenho acadê- mico e o bem-estar socioemocional dos estudantes. As limitações identificadas incluem a falta de recursos e formação especializada, especialmente em contextos culturais e socioeconômicos diversos. Sugere-se que estudos futuros avaliem os efeitos a longo prazo dessas intervenções e explorem abordagens mais integradas para uma educação baseada na neurociência.
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