Clinical-hematological and epidemiological profile in pediatric patients with linfohematopoyetic cancer in a hospital of Piura-Peru, 2014-2018

Perfil clínico-hematológico y epidemiológico en los pacientes pediátricos con cáncer linfohematopoyético en un hospital de Piura-Perú, 2014-2018

Objective: To determine the clinical-hematological and epidemiological profile in pediatric patients with lymphohematopoietic cancer of the Pediatric Service in Hospital III ESSALUD José Cayetano Heredia - Piura during 2014-2018. Materials and methods: A descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional study was conducted in the period of 2014-2018 in Hospital III ESSALUD José Cayetano Heredia-Piura. Results: In the study period, 25 patients with diagnosis of lymphohematopoietic cancer were selected, 15 corresponded to Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, 1 to Acute Myeloid Leukemia and 9 to Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma. Of them, 56% were female. The most affected age group were school children, and the average age was 6 years. Among the clinical forms stood out the anemic syndrome, the adenic syndrome and the febrile syndrome. Of the most frequent haematological characteristics in acute lymphoblastic leukemia were leukocytosis, severe anemia and severe thrombocytopenia, while patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma presented with greater frequency with leukopenia, mild anemia or without anemia and normal platelet count. Conclusions: The most frequent clinical forms of presentation were the anemic syndrome, the adenic syndrome and the febrile syndrome. The most frequent type of anemia was normocytic, normochromic. On average, 50% of the patients presented two clinical syndromes at the time of diagnosis and two affected hematopoietic series.