Tipos de consumidores responsables: una perspectiva desde la teoría de la señalización
Responsible consumer types: a perspective from signaling theory.
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Las sociedades contemporáneas necesitan desarrollar consciencia sobre los estilos de vida y patrones de consumo, y entender cómo afectan el medio ambiente, la sociedad y su salud; ello con el fin de adaptarse a formas de vivir balanceadas y corresponsables. Con el propósito de contribuir a ello, el presente estudio busca relacionar las señales de mercado de los productos sostenibles con diferentes tipos de consumidores responsables. Inicialmente, una revisión de literatura permitió la tipificación de los consumidores en tres grupos: integral, relativo y accidental, y la identificación de las señales que comunican la sostenibilidad de una empresa o un producto. Consecuentemente, se recogieron datos de 162 consumidores quienes fueron clasificados en cada tipo usando clusterización k-medias, mientras se relacionaron las señales más relevantes para cada uno. Cada tipo de consumidor está bien definido y tiene comportamientos y valoraciones sobre la sostenibilidad muy distintas a los demás, perciben las señales de forma diferentes y prestan atención a atributos que se relacionan directamente con su autopercepción como consumidor responsable.
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